Oxidative stress, reactive oxygen (ROS), and nitrogen (RNS) species have been known to
be involved in a multitude of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD), …

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) represents one of the most common events in terminal liver
failure. Acute HE (fulminant hepatic failure, FHF) presents with the abrupt onset of delirium, …

Reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior in animals is relevant to drug relapse in humans. In
the present study, we employed the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm to …

Several amphetamine analogs are potent psychostimulants and major drugs of abuse. In
animal models, the psychomotor and reinforcing effects of amphetamine, methamphetamine (…

We investigated if repeated administration of cocaine, nicotine, dizocipline (MK-801) and
alcohol yields behavioral cross-sensitization between these agents. Swiss Webster mice …

The present study was undertaken to investigate whether the relatively selective neuronal
nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, 7‐nitroindazole (7‐NI), protects against …

The fear conditioning paradigm is used to investigate the roles of various genes, neurotransmitters,
and substrates in the formation of fear learning related to contextual and auditory …

Evidence suggests the existence of multiple interactions between dopamine, glutamate and
nitric oxide (NO) in brain structures associated with psychomotor stimulation. The present …

The use of methamphetamine (METH) leads to neurotoxic effects in mammals. These
neurotoxic effects appear to be related to the production of free radicals. To assess the role of …

Methamphetamine (METH) is a powerful psychostimulant that produces dopaminergic
neurotoxicity manifested by a decrease in the levels of dopamine, tyrosine hydroxylase activity …