Inflammatory bowel disease is an important risk factor for colorectal cancer. We show that
sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) produced by upregulation of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) …

Ceramide, a tumor-suppressor lipid, is generated by sphingomyelin hydrolysis or by de novo
synthesis when cells are activated by various stress stimuli as well as when cancer cells …

Although obesity with associated inflammation is now recognized as a risk factor for breast
cancer and distant metastases, the functional basis for these connections remain poorly …

The signaling of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) has been implicated in stress-induced
apoptosis. However, the pro-apoptotic role of GSK-3β is still unclear. Here, we show the …

The inflammatory effects of glycogen synthase kinase‐3 (GSK‐3) have been identified; however,
the potential mechanism is still controversial. In this study, we investigated the effects of …

Although interleukin 1 (IL-1) induces expression of the transcription factor IRF1 (interferon-regulatory
factor 1), the roles of IRF1 in immune and inflammatory responses and …

Background Asthma, a chronic inflammatory condition defined by episodic shortness of breath
with expiratory wheezing and cough, is a serious health concern affecting more than 250 …

Vinca alkaloids are clinically used to inhibit the growth of malignancy by interfering with
microtubule polymerization. The purpose of this study was to identify the molecular mechanisms …

Background Anesthetic propofol has immunomodulatory effects, particularly in the area of
anti-inflammation. Bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces inflammation through …

Apoptosis, also called programmed cell death, is physiologically and pathologically involved
in cellular homeostasis. Escape of apoptotic signaling is a critical strategy commonly used …