Genetic mutation and pharmacological inhibition of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) both have
been shown to prevent the development of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice, …

Nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinases including Lck, ZAP-70, and Itk play essential roles in T-cell
receptor (TCR) signaling. Gene knockout studies have revealed that mice lacking these …

Objective Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) plays a critical role in B cell development and function.
We recently described a selective BTK inhibitor, RN486, that blocks B cell receptor (BCR…

Background: CD73 is an ectonucleotidase that converts adenosine monophosphate to
adenosine, a potent immunosuppressive soluble mediator that inhibits the cytotoxic function of …

Background. We previously demonstrated in vitro and in vivo that an IκB kinase (IKK) inhibitor
blocks cytokine production and suppresses immune responses. These results indicate that …

Monocyte infiltration is implicated in a variety of diseases including multiple myeloma,
rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. C−C chemokine receptor 1 (CCR1) is a chemokine …

Background The phase 2/3 RELATIVITY-047 clinical trial (NCT03470922) in patients with
previously untreated metastatic or unresectable melanoma met its primary endpoint of …

Elotuzumab is a first in class humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody for the treatment of
multiple myeloma (MM). Elotuzumab targets the glycoprotein signaling lymphocyte activation …

In recent years, biomarkers have played more extensive roles as indicators of disease
progression, safety, and drug efficacy. Targeted quantitative analysis of biomarkers including drug …

A novel series of pyrrolidine heterocycles was prepared and found to show potent inhibitory
activity of CCR1 binding and CCL3 mediated chemotaxis of a CCR1-expressing cell line. A …