Abstract
hOAT1 is a renal membrane protein able to efficiently transport acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (ANPs). When expressed in CHO cells, hOAT1 mediates the uptake and cytotoxicity of ANPs suggesting that it plays an active role in the nephrotoxicity associated with cidofovir CMV therapy and high-dose adefovir HIV therapy. Although efficiently transported by hOAT1, tenofovir did not show any significant cytotoxicity in isolated human proximal tubular cells, which correlates with the lack of nephrotoxicity observed in HIV-infected patients on prolonged tenofovir therapy.
MeSH terms
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Adenine / analogs & derivatives*
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Adenine / pharmacokinetics
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Adenine / toxicity*
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Animals
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Antiviral Agents / pharmacokinetics
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Antiviral Agents / toxicity*
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Biological Transport
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CHO Cells
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Cidofovir
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Cricetinae
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Cytosine / analogs & derivatives*
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Cytosine / pharmacokinetics
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Cytosine / toxicity*
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Humans
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Kidney Diseases / chemically induced*
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Kidney Diseases / metabolism
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Kidney Tubules, Proximal / drug effects
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Organic Anion Transport Protein 1 / biosynthesis
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Organic Anion Transport Protein 1 / genetics
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Organic Anion Transport Protein 1 / metabolism*
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Organophosphonates*
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Organophosphorus Compounds / pharmacokinetics
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Organophosphorus Compounds / toxicity*
Substances
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Antiviral Agents
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Organic Anion Transport Protein 1
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Organophosphonates
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Organophosphorus Compounds
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adefovir
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Cytosine
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Adenine
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Cidofovir