Chest
Clinical InvestigationsNitrosative Stress, Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression and Airway Inflammation During Severe Exacerbations of COPD
Section snippets
Study Subjects
Twelve patients with COPD were studied at the onset of an acute severe exacerbation and while in stable condition. A diagnosis of COPD was made according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease criteria.3 In order to enter the study, the patient had to have satisfied the following inclusion criteria: (1) be an ex-smoker with a history of at least 20 pack-years of smoking; (2) have fixed airflow limitation with salbutamol reversibility of < 12% and < 200 mL. Exclusion
Subjects' Characteristics
We studied 1 female and 11 male COPD patients (mean ± SD; FEV1 40 ± 14% predicted; mean age, 69 ± 7 years) who were ex-smokers with a mean smoking history of 68 ± 23 pack-years (Table 1). All patients had negative results of skin-prick reaction tests and radioallergosorbent tests for a battery of common allergens. Patients' exacerbation and stable-state characteristics are given in Table 1. A clear deterioration in cough, sputum, and blood gas analysis was observed in all subjects during an
Discussion
We have used induced sputum samples and counted cells expressing HO-1, iNOS, and nitrotyrosine, and levels of soluble inflammatory mediators in patients with COPD who were hospitalized for severe exacerbation compared to stable state. The results showed significantly increased MPO, IL-8, nitrotyrosine, and HO-1 expression in patients during exacerbation relative to the stable state. These findings provide further insight into the pathogenesis of COPD exacerbations.
There are several limitations
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