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Semin Liver Dis 1997; 17(4): 287-295
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1007205
ORIGINAL ARTICLE

© 1997 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.

Interferons in Host Defense

Graham R. Foster
  • Liver Unit, Imperial College School of Medicine at St. Mary's, London, England
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Publication History

Publication Date:
17 March 2008 (online)

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ABSTRACT

The Type I interferons are a group of related glycoproteins that play a key role in host defenses against viral infections. The interferons bind to a cell surface receptor and initiate the transcription of a wide range of proteins that have potent antiviral properties. The mechanism by which interferon binding to the cell surface initiates gene transcription has recently been elucidated and involves activation of protein kinases (JAK 1 and Tyk 2) followed by phosphorylation and activation of transcriptional regulators (the STATproteins). These signal transduction molecules are not unique to the interferon signaling pathway, and other cytokines as diverse as erythropoietin and IL-2 use the same, or related proteins. To overcome the antiviral effects of the type I interferons, some viruses that cause chronic infections have developed interferon inhibitors that reduce the effectiveness of endogenous and exogenous interferon.

KEY WORDS

signal transduction - antiviral - JAK - STAT

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