Short communicationGonadectomy unmasks an inhibitory effect of progesterone on amygdala kindling in male rats
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Antonio Mendonca for his invaluable assistance in stereotaxic surgery and Jerome Chang for his assistance in histologic sectioning of the brains. Partial financial support was provided by a grant from the Bloorview Children’s Hospital Foundation to W.M.B., and grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada to N.J.M. and H.E.E.
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Sex differences in the developing brain impact stress-induced epileptogenicity following hyperthermia-induced seizures
2021, Neurobiology of DiseaseCitation Excerpt :Similarly, increased kindling rates were also observed in adult male rats pre-exposed to chronic postnatal cross-fostering stress during a similar period (i.e., P1-P23) (Gilby et al., 2009). Furthermore, in adult female rats, adrenalectomy compared to CORT replacement or sham-operated controls can delay the kindling process, while testosterone in males can enhance it (Edwards et al., 2001; Edwards et al., 1999). However, it should also be noted that certain circumstances do lead to increased seizure susceptibility in females more than males.
Novel therapeutic approaches for disease-modification of epileptogenesis for curing epilepsy
2017, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular Basis of DiseaseCitation Excerpt :In the pilocarpine model, rats develop seizures after a latent period that mirrors that of P450scc elevation, and treatment with finasteride (a neurosteroid synthesis inhibitor) is capable of reducing latency-to-seizure expression after SE, as well as exacerbating seizure intensity [215]. Neurosteroid administration has been shown to exert powerful anticonvulsant action in a number of animal seizure models [216], and ongoing research has provided evidence of endogenous neurosteroids' potential role in modulating epileptogenesis [161,162,215,217,]. Neurosteroids have been used to successfully inhibit seizures induced by PTZ, bicuculline, pilocarpine, and evoked seizures in kindling paradigms [148,216–222].
Neurosteroids and their role in sex-specific epilepsies
2014, Neurobiology of DiseaseCitation Excerpt :Unlike benzodiazepines, neurosteroids are able to modulate all isoforms of GABA-A receptors, including those that contain benzodiazepine-insensitive α4 and α6 subunits or lack the obligatory γ2 subunit required for benzodiazepine-sensitivity. Recent studies suggest that neurosteroids play a role in epileptogenesis (Biagini et al., 2006, 2009, 2010; Edwards et al., 2001; Reddy, 2013a; Reddy et al., 2010). Using the kindling model, we demonstrated that the development and persistence of limbic epileptogenesis are impaired in mice lacking progesterone receptors (Reddy and Mohan, 2011a, 2011b).