Effect of 4-aminopyridine on transmitter release in synaptosomes
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Correlation between the increased release of catecholamines evoked by local anesthetics and their analgesic and adverse effects: Role of K<sup>+</sup> channel inhibition
2016, Brain Research BulletinCitation Excerpt :4-AP significantly increased both the resting (FRR2/FRR1 = 1.75 ± 0.13, p < 0.05) and axonal firing-associated (FRS2/FRS1 = 2.52 ± 0.21, p < 0.01) [3H]DA release (Fig. 4a and b). Our observations are in agreement with previous studies that have shown that 4-AP increases the release of dopamine in the brain (King et al., 2012), the release of acetylcholine (Vizi et al., 1977) and noradrenaline in the heart (Sugimori et al., 1987), and glutamate from synaptosomes (Tapia and Sitges, 1982). After the cerebral cortex slices were loaded with [3H]NA, the average tissue uptake of radioactivity was 435.0 ± 69.8 kBq/g (n = 6).
Fiber tract stimulation can reduce epileptiform activity in an in-vitro bilateral hippocampal slice preparation
2013, Experimental NeurologyCitation Excerpt :The described MTLE model has been optimized for studying mechanisms of seizure reduction by DBS in a bilateral hippocampal network by avoiding additional network cutting or electrical kindling, which are often necessary in chemical seizure models (Avoli, 2001; Avoli et al., 2002; Barbarosie and Avoli, 1997; Schiller and Bankirer, 2006). We utilized bath application of 100 μM 4-AP, which antagonizes the A-type potassium current, for its ability to enhance synaptic activity without bias for any particular neurotransmitter (Perreault and Avoli, 1991; Tapia and Sitges, 1982; Traub et al., 1996). The combination of these tools enables us to begin to understand the implications of hippocampal cross-talk in epileptic development, progression, and treatment.
Simultaneous glutamate and EEG activity measurements during seizures in rat hippocampal region with the use of an electrochemical biosensor
2008, Journal of Neuroscience MethodsStereoselective effects of the novel anticonvulsant lacosamide against 4-AP induced epileptiform activity in rat visual cortex in vitro
2006, NeuropharmacologyCitation Excerpt :4-Aminopyridine (4-AP) is known to induce epileptiform activity in the hippocampus (Fueta and Avoli, 1992) and several cortical areas of rat brain slices in vitro (Avoli et al., 2002; Bruckner and Heinemann, 2000; Zona et al., 2002). It does so by blocking K+ channels, including the A-type (Ulbricht and Wagner, 1976), D-type (Storm, 1988) and a subpopulation of inward rectifiers, in addition to strongly augmenting both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter release (Perreault and Avoli, 1991; Tapia and Sitges, 1982). In the combined entorhinal cortex (EC)–hippocampal slice preparation, 4-AP induces several patterns of epileptiform discharge.