The demethylenation of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (“ecstasy”) by debrisoquine hydroxylase (CYP2D6)
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Neurological and cognitive alterations induced by MDMA in humans
2022, Experimental NeurologyCitation Excerpt :There are a number of factors, both physiological and environmental, which could exacerbate the toxic effects of MDMA, through their interaction with individual differences in pharmacokinetics (Capela et al., 2009). For example, females are more likely to experience adverse effects, possibly due to the effects of hormones on pharmacokinetics (Liechti et al., 2001; Simmler et al., 2011) and various genetic polymorphisms can affect metabolism of both MDMA and serotonin (Hysek et al., 2012; Martín-Santos et al., 2010; Rietjens et al., 2012; Tucker et al., 1994), affecting overall neurological and cognitive alterations. In addition the environmental conditions when using ecstasy can exacerbate any adverse effect with higher ambient temperature (Capela et al., 2009; Green et al., 2003) and increased physical activity (Parrott et al., 2006) emerging as significant factors.
Cognitive consequences of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine use
2020, Cognition and Addiction: A Researcher's Guide from Mechanisms Towards InterventionsIs toxicity of PMMA (paramethoxymethamphetamine) associated with cytochrome P450 pharmacogenetics?
2016, Forensic Science InternationalPharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and toxicology of new psychoactive substances (NPS): 2C-B, 4-fluoroamphetamine and benzofurans
2015, Drug and Alcohol DependenceCitation Excerpt :As a result, specific individuals with a disadvantageous genetic profile may be at higher risk for 2C-B-induced toxicity. Differences in human susceptibility to the toxicity of other amphetamine-like designer drugs has been reported previously (Carmo et al., 2004; Tucker et al., 1994; Colado et al., 1995; Jones and Simpson, 1999; Malpass et al., 1999). Furthermore, comparable 5- or 6-APB concentrations were detected in deceased individuals and in DUID cases, indicating the importance of interindividual differences in response to a similar exposure.
An in vitro approach to assessing a potential drug interaction between MDMA (ecstasy) and caffeine
2014, Toxicology in VitroDioxygenases catalyzeo-demethylation and O,O-demethylenation with widespread roles in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid metabolism in opium poppy
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