Regular Articleβ-Amyloid of Alzheimer's Disease Induces Reactive Gliosis That Inhibits Axonal Outgrowth
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2022, iScienceCitation Excerpt :The corresponding surface of area CA2 and its different layers were defined with PCP4 staining and measured using the Mercator stereology system (Explora Nova). The total number of PV+ and PV+/PNN+ cells was estimated by multiplying the reference volume of area CA2 by the density of neurons by sectional volume (Canning et al., 1993; Cattaud et al., 2018). Images were acquired on two sections per animal for CA2 and CA3 (–1.10 and –2.00 mm from bregma), and one section for area CA1 (–2.00 mm from bregma).
Using human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to investigate the mechanisms by which Apolipoprotein E (APOE) contributes to Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk
2020, Neurobiology of DiseaseCitation Excerpt :Post-mortem analysis of brain tissue from AD patients has revealed chronic neuroinflammation (Gomez-Nicola and Boche, 2015). Mechanistically, it has been shown that Aβ induces an inflammatory response in the form of reactive gliosis (Canning et al., 1993; Heurtaux et al., 2010), which has been hypothesized to result in subsequent neurodegeneration (Lucin and Wyss-Coray, 2009). Several studies indicate that ApoE exhibits both anti- and pro-inflammatory activities.
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2016, Progress in NeurobiologyCitation Excerpt :Astrocytes have been shown to dramatically alter microglial behavior in response to amyloid plaques (DeWitt et al., 1998a). When astrocytes respond vigorously to aggregated amyloid, they surround the plaque and further seclude it by synthesizing a CSPG rich matrix (Canning et al., 1993; DeWitt and Silver, 1996; DeWitt et al., 1993, 1994, 1998b). Such reactive astrocyte activity, in turn, helps to shield the plaque from an aggressive engulfment by microglia, which increases the presence of plaque material within the brain.