Viscosity Enhancer | Range Used |
---|---|
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt | 0.25% (w/v) (Kim et al., 2010b) to 10% (w/v) (Baek et al., 2017) |
3.2% (w/w) (Song et al., 2015) to 14% (w/w) (Lee et al., 2017a) | |
Carrageenan | 2% (Kim et al., 2016a)a |
Fish sperm DNA | 2% (w/v) (Seok et al., 2017) |
Glycol chitosan | 0.5% (Kim et al., 2016a)a |
1% (w/v) (Seok et al., 2017) | |
Gum ghatti | 1% (w/v) (Kim et al., 2010b) |
Hyaluronic acid | 0.5% (w/v) (Gill and Prausnitz, 2007b) |
5% (Katsumi et al., 2017)a | |
Hydroxyethylcellulose | 0.5% (w/v) (Kim et al., 2016a) |
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose | 1% (w/v) (Chen et al., 2015) to 12% (w/v) (McGrath et al., 2011) |
Karaya gum | 1% (w/v) (Kim et al., 2010b) |
Methylcellulose | −0.5% (Kim et al., 2016a)a |
−4% (w/v) (Chen et al., 2009) | |
−2% (w/w) (Caudill et al., 2018) to 3.7% (w/w) (Song et al., 2015) | |
Pectin | −0.5% (Kim et al., 2016a)a |
Poly[di(carboxylatophenoxy) phosphazene] | 0.5% (w/v) (Andrianov et al., 2009) |
Polyethylene glycol | −20% (w/w) (Ma and Gill, 2014) to 80% (w/w) (Ma and Gill, 2014) |
Polyvinyl alcohol | 11% (w/w) (Chen et al., 2017) to 26% (w/w) (Chen et al., 2017) |
Polyvinylpyrrolidone | 1% (w/v) (Kim et al., 2010b) to 30% (w/v) (Chen et al., 2015) |
10% (w/w) (Li et al., 2018) | |
Sodium alginate/Alginic acid | 0.3% (w/v) (Choi et al., 2015) to 5% (w/v) (Baek et al., 2017) |
Sucrose | 25% (w/v) (Gill and Prausnitz, 2007b) to 50% (w/v) (Chen et al., 2015) |
52% (w/w) (Gill and Prausnitz, 2007b) | |
Xanthan gum | 0.075% (w/v) (Choi et al., 2015) to 1% (w/v) (Kim et al., 2010b) |
↵a Unit not mentioned in the reference.