TABLE 3

Hepatic concentrations of retinoids in normal and NAFLD liver samples

	Normal (n = 50)		Steatosis (n = 9)		NASH (n = 13)
	Median	Range	Median	Range	Median	Range
RP (nmol/g)	276	12.6–4282	59.7	1.3–285.1	71.9^{^a}	3.4–153.3^a
Retinol (nmol/g)	14.1	1.2–161	8.1	0.8–13.4	32.5	0.2–47.2
atRA (pmol/g)	42.6	14.0–579.5	29.8	18.3–34.7	23.3	9.3–35.2
13-cisRA (pmol/g)	8.3	1.4–43.5	5.1	3.1–6.2	5.3	2.7–7.9
4-oxo-atRA (pmol/g)	18.3^{^b}	1.8–376.3^b	2.5	1.8–7.6	5.9	0.9–22.1

↵^a The RP concentration in one NASH sample was below LOD. Hence, the RP concentration in that sample was excluded and 12 liver samples were included in the analysis of RP concentrations for the NASH group.
↵^b 4-Oxo-atRA concentrations were measured in 48 samples in the normal group.