TABLE 1

Partial list of FDA-approved mitochondrially biogenic agents

Drug	Approved to Treat	Mechanism	MB References
Atomoxetine	ADHD	SNRI	Jesinkey et al. (2014b)
Cilostazol	Claudication	PDE4 inhibitor	Chen et al. (2016)
Fluoxetine	MDD, OCD	SSRI	da Silva et al. (2015)
Formoterol	COPD, asthma	β₂AR agonist	Wills et al. (2012)
Metformin	Type 2 diabetes	AMPK activator	Kristensen et al. (2013)
Metoprolol	Hypertension	β₁-AR blocker	Sharma et al. (2008)
Riociguat	Pulmonary hypertension	sGC stimulator	Cameron et al. (2016)
Rosiglitazone	Type 2 diabetes	PPARγ agonist	Strum et al. (2007)
Sildenafil	Erectile dysfunction	PDE5 inhibitor	Whitaker et al. (2013)

ADHD, attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder; AMPK, adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase; AR, adrenergic receptor; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration; MDD, major depressive disorder; OCD, obsessive-compulsive disorder; PDE, phosphodiesterase; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor; sGC, soluble guanylate cyclase; SNRI, serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.