RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Protective Effects of Novel Metal-Nonoates on the Cellular Components of the Vascular System
JF Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
JO J Pharmacol Exp Ther
FD American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
SP 500
OP 509
DO 10.1124/jpet.114.218404
VO 351
IS 3
A1 Martina Monti
A1 Raffaella Solito
A1 Luca Puccetti
A1 Luca Pasotti
A1 Riccardo Roggeri
A1 Enrico Monzani
A1 Luigi Casella
A1 Lucia Morbidelli
YR 2014
UL http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/351/3/500.abstract
AB At the cardiovascular level, nitric oxide (NO) controls smooth muscle functions, maintains vascular integrity, and exerts an antihypertensive effect. Metal-nonoates are a recently discovered class of NO donors, with NO release modulated through the complexation of the N-aminoethylpiperazine N-diazeniumdiolate ligand to metal ions, and thus representing a significant innovation with respect to the drugs traditionally used. In this study, we characterized the vascular protective effects of the most effective compound of this class, Ni(PipNONO)Cl, compared with the commercial N-diazeniumdiolate group derivate, diethylenetriamine/nitric oxide (DETA/NO). Ni(PipNONO)Cl induced a concentration-dependent relaxation of precontracted rat aortic rings. The ED50 was 0.67 µM, compared with 4.3 µM obtained with DETA/NO. When tested on cultured microvascular endothelial cells, Ni(PipNONO)Cl exerted a protective effect on the endothelium, promoting cell proliferation and survival in the picomolar range. The administration of Ni(PipNONO)Cl to vascular smooth muscle cells reduced the cell number, promoting their apoptosis at a high concentration (10 µM). Inhibition of smooth muscle cell migration, a hallmark of atherosclerosis, was accompanied by cytoskeletal rearrangement and loss of lamellipodia. When added to isolated platelets, Ni(PipNONO)Cl significantly reduced ADP-induced aggregation. Since atherosclerosis is accompanied by an inflammatory environment, cultured endothelial cells were exposed to interleukin (IL)-1β. In the presence of IL-1β, Ni(PipNONO)Cl inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase upregulation, and reduced endothelial permeability and the platelet and monocyte adhesion markers CD31 and CD40 at the plasma membrane. Overall, these data indicate that Ni(PipNONO)Cl exerts vascular protective effects relevant for vascular dysfunction and prevention of atherosclerosis and thrombosis.