PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - EPHRAIM B. BOLDYREFF
AU  - JEAN F. STEWART
TI  - VAGUS CONTROL OF PANCREATIC FUNCTION EXPERIMENTAL INSULIN RESISTANCE
DP  - 1932 Dec 01
TA  - Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
PG  - 407--418
VI  - 46
IP  - 4
4099  - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/46/4/407.short
4100  - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/46/4/407.full
SO  - J Pharmacol Exp Ther1932 Dec 01; 46
AB  - 1. The hypoglycemic effect of insulin occurs uniformly in a wide variety of vertebrates. Its appearance is evident although delayed in cold-blooded animals. This is in accord with the observations previously reported by other investigators. 2. Crystalline insulin has strong vagatonic properties. 3. Symptoms of vagus stimulation by insulin are: increased respiratory rate, diminished cardiac rate, blood pressure and body temperature. 4. Pure crystalline insulin, as shown by Abel and co-workers, is a monophasic hypoglycemic drug. It is probable, however, that some commercial insulins contain as an impurity a substance with hyperglycemic properties. 5. Cases having pancreatic pathology show a diminished response to the hypoglycemic action of insulin. 6. Vagus blockage by surgery or adequate dosage of atropin renders the subjects unreactive to insulin. 7. Confirming observations of Jorns it was found that atropin and insulin exert antagonistic actions on the pupil of the eye. 8. Insulin stimulates the secretory function of digestive glands.