RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Calorie Restriction Improves Cardiovascular Risk Factors via Reduction of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Type II Diabetic Rats
JF Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
JO J Pharmacol Exp Ther
FD American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
SP 535
OP 543
DO 10.1124/jpet.106.110460
VO 320
IS 2
A1 Yukiko Minamiyama
A1 Yasuyuki Bito
A1 Shigekazu Takemura
A1 Yosuke Takahashi
A1 Shintaro Kodai
A1 Shinjiro Mizuguchi
A1 Yuriko Nishikawa
A1 Shigefumi Suehiro
A1 Shigeru Okada
YR 2007
UL http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/320/2/535.abstract
AB Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is an important regulator of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. We determined the effects of calorie restriction (CR) on the dynamic aspects of mitochondrial ROS production, UCP2, and the nitric oxide (NO)-cGMP pathway in the cardiovascular tissues of type II diabetic Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats. Some rats were on restricted diets (30% reduction from free intake) from age 29 to 42 weeks. Blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c, plasma levels of free fatty acid, triacylglycerol, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in OLETF rats were significantly higher than those in nondiabetic control [Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO)] rats at 29 weeks. Mitochondrial ROS production and UCP2 expression significantly increased in the heart and aorta of OLETF rats compared with those in LETO rats. A fibrogenic growth factor, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in the coronary vessels, endothelial nitric-oxide synthase, and aortic nitrotyrosine were increased in OLETF rats at 42 weeks. In contrast, an index of the NO-cGMP pathway, phosphorylated vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein, and superoxide dismutase activity in the aorta were significantly diminished. The relationship between UCP2 and ROS production in the cardiovascular function of diabetic rats being fed a calorie-restricted diet is unknown. These abnormalities in OLETF rats were reversed to normal levels by CR. CR significantly improved the NO-cGMP pathway via normalizing ROS generation in OLETF rats. A decrease in UCP2 expression by CR may be a compensatory mechanism to counteract decreased intracellular oxidative stress. The data suggest that CR may prevent cardiovascular tissues from oxidative stress provoked by diabetes mellitus. The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics