PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - George A. Ricaurte
AU  - Annis O. Mechan
AU  - Jie Yuan
AU  - George Hatzidimitriou
AU  - Tao Xie
AU  - Andrew H. Mayne
AU  - Una D. McCann
TI  - Amphetamine Treatment Similar to That Used in the Treatment of Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Damages Dopaminergic Nerve Endings in the Striatum of Adult Nonhuman Primates
AID  - 10.1124/jpet.105.087916
DP  - 2005 Oct 01
TA  - Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
PG  - 91--98
VI  - 315
IP  - 1
4099  - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/315/1/91.short
4100  - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/315/1/91.full
SO  - J Pharmacol Exp Ther2005 Oct 01; 315
AB  - Pharmacotherapy with amphetamine is effective in the management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), now recognized in adults as well as in children and adolescents. Here we demonstrate that amphetamine treatment, similar to that used clinically for adult ADHD, damages dopaminergic nerve endings in the striatum of adult nonhuman primates. Furthermore, plasma concentrations of amphetamine associated with dopaminergic neurotoxicity in nonhuman primates are on the order of those reported in young patients receiving amphetamine for the management of ADHD. These findings may have implications for the pathophysiology and treatment of ADHD. Further preclinical and clinical studies are needed to evaluate the dopaminergic neurotoxic potential of therapeutic doses of amphetamine in children as well as adults. The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics