PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Lanzafame, Alfred
AU  - Christopoulos, Arthur
TI  - Investigation of the Interaction of a Putative Allosteric Modulator, <em>N</em>-(2,3-Diphenyl-1,2,4-thiadiazole-5-(2<em>H</em>)-ylidene) Methanamine Hydrobromide (SCH-202676), with M<sub>1</sub> Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors
AID  - 10.1124/jpet.103.060590
DP  - 2004 Mar 01
TA  - Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
PG  - 830--837
VI  - 308
IP  - 3
4099  - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/308/3/830.short
4100  - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/308/3/830.full
SO  - J Pharmacol Exp Ther2004 Mar 01; 308
AB  - The interaction between a novel G protein-coupled receptor modulator, N-(2,3-diphenyl-1,2,4-thiadiazole-5-(2H)-ylidene) methanamine hydrobromide (SCH-202676), and the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) was investigated. In contrast to the prototypical mAChR allosteric modulator, heptane 1,7-bis-(dimethyl-3′-phthalimidopropyl)-ammonium bromide (C7/3-phth), SCH-202676 had no effect on the dissociation kinetics of [3H]N-methylscopolamine ([3H]NMS) at M1 mAChRs stably expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell membranes. However, SCH-202676 completely inhibited the binding of [3H]NMS in membrane preparations, with a Hill slope significantly greater than unity, indicative of positive cooperativity in the binding of the inhibitor. Moreover, SCH-202676 caused dextral shifts of the [3H]NMS saturation binding curve that were greater than expected for a competitive interaction. The addition of C7/3-phth (100 μM) had no significant effect on the inhibitory potency of SCH-202676. In contrast to the findings in cell membranes, the interaction between SCH-202676 and [3H]NMS in intact M1 CHO cells yielded saturation and inhibition isotherms that were compatible with the predictions for a competitive interaction. Intact cell assays of acetylcholine-mediated phosphoinositide hydrolysis in the absence or presence of SCH-202676 revealed a mixed competitive/noncompetitive mode of interaction that was dependent on the concentration of SCH-202676. These data reveal that the nature of the interaction between SCH-202676 and the M1 mAChR is dependent on whether it is studied using intact versus broken cell preparations. It is proposed that SCH-202676 uses a dual mode of ligand-receptor interaction involving both extra- and intracellular attachment points on the M1 mAChR that are distinct from the allosteric binding site recognized by prototypical mAChR modulators such as C7/3-phth. The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics