TY - JOUR T1 - ANTAGONISM BY CAFFEINE OF THE RESPIRATORY EFFECTS OF CODEINE AND MORPHINE JF - Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics JO - J Pharmacol Exp Ther SP - 38 LP - 42 VL - 136 IS - 1 AU - J. Weldon Bellville AU - Lourdes Aguto Escarraga AU - Stanley L. Wallenstein AU - Kuo Chen Wang AU - William S. Howland AU - Raymond W. Houde Y1 - 1962/04/01 UR - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/136/1/38.abstract N2 - A double-blind factorial study has been carried out to determine the respiratory effects of morphine, codeine, caffeine and combinations of caffeine and these narcotics in terms of the alveolar ventilation-alveolar PCO2 response curve. No significant respiratory effect of caffeine alone in doses up to 250 mg, administered intramuscularly, was detected. Ten mg of morphine produced significantly more respiratory depression than 60 mg of codeine intramuscularly. However, 62.5 mg and 125 mg of caffeine administered simultaneously with 10 mg of morphine or 60 mg of codeine intramuscularly produced significant antagonism of the respiratory depression. The regression slope for the combinations was not significantly different from a straight line nor was there a significant difference between the slopes of codeine plus caffeine or morphine plus caffeine. ER -