TY - JOUR T1 - Pharmacological Targeting of Glucagon and Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptors Has Different Effects on Energy State and Glucose Homeostasis in Diet-Induced Obese Mice JF - Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics JO - J Pharmacol Exp Ther SP - 70 LP - 81 DO - 10.1124/jpet.111.179986 VL - 338 IS - 1 AU - Wei Gu AU - David J. Lloyd AU - Narumol Chinookswong AU - Renée Komorowski AU - Glenn Sivits, Jr AU - Melissa Graham AU - Katherine A. Winters AU - Hai Yan AU - Laszlo G. Boros AU - Richard A. Lindberg AU - Murielle M. Véniant Y1 - 2011/07/01 UR - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/338/1/70.abstract N2 - Pharmacologic contributions of directly agonizing glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor or antagonizing glucagon receptor (GCGR) on energy state and glucose homeostasis were assessed in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. Metabolic rate and respiratory quotient (RQ), hyperglycemic clamp, stable isotope-based dynamic metabolic profiling (SiDMAP) studies of 13C-labeled glucose during glucose tolerance test (GTT) and gene expression were assessed in cohorts of DIO mice after a single administration of GLP-1 analog [GLP-1-(23)] or anti-GCGR antibody (Ab). GLP-1-(23) and GCGR Ab similarly improved GTT. GLP-1-(23) decreased food intake and body weight trended lower. GCGR Ab modestly decreased food intake without significant effect on body weight. GLP-1-(23) and GCGR Ab decreased RQ with GLP-1, causing a greater effect. In a hyperglycemic clamp, GLP-1-(23) reduced hepatic glucose production (HGP), increased glucose infusion rate (GIR), increased glucose uptake in brown adipose tissue, and increased whole-body glucose turnover, glycolysis, and rate of glycogen synthesis. GCGR Ab slightly decreased HGP, increased GIR, and increased glucose uptake in the heart. SiDMAP showed that GLP-1-(23) and GCGR Ab increased 13C lactate labeling from glucose, indicating that liver, muscle, and other organs were involved in the rapid disposal of glucose from plasma. GCGR Ab and GLP-1-(23) caused different changes in mRNA expression levels of glucose- and lipid metabolism-associated genes. The effect of GLP-1-(23) on energy state and glucose homeostasis was greater than GCGR Ab. Although GCGR antagonism is associated with increased circulating levels of GLP-1, most GLP-1-(23)-associated pharmacologic effects are more pronounced than GCGR Ab. ER -