TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Adenylyl Cyclase Type 6 on Localized Production of cAMP by <em>β</em>-2 Adrenoceptors in Human Airway Smooth-Muscle Cells JF - Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics JO - J Pharmacol Exp Ther SP - 104 LP - 110 DO - 10.1124/jpet.119.256594 VL - 370 IS - 1 AU - Shailesh R. Agarwal AU - Chase Fiore AU - Kathryn Miyashiro AU - Rennolds S. Ostrom AU - Robert D. Harvey Y1 - 2019/07/01 UR - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/370/1/104.abstract N2 - β2-Adrenoceptors (β2ARs) are concentrated in caveolar lipid raft domains of the plasma membrane in airway smooth-muscle (ASM) cells, along with adenylyl cyclase type 6 (AC6). This is believed to contribute to how these receptors can selectively regulate certain types of cAMP-dependent responses in these cells. The goal of the present study was to test the hypothesis that β2AR production of cAMP is localized to specific subcellular compartments using fluorescence resonance energy transfer–based cAMP biosensors targeted to different microdomains in human ASM cells. Epac2-MyrPalm and Epac2-CAAX biosensors were used to measure responses associated with lipid raft and nonraft regions of the plasma membrane, respectively. Activation of β2ARs with isoproterenol produced cAMP responses that are most readily detected in lipid raft domains. Furthermore, overexpression of AC6 somewhat paradoxically inhibited β2AR production of cAMP in lipid raft domains without affecting β2AR responses detected in other subcellular locations or cAMP responses to EP2 prostaglandin receptor activation, which were confined primarily to nonraft domains of the plasma membrane. The inhibitory effect of overexpressing AC6 was blocked by inhibition of phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) activity with rolipram, inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA) activity with H89, and inhibition of A kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) interactions with the peptide inhibitor Ht31. These results support the idea that overexpression of AC6 leads to enhanced feedback activation of PDE4 via phosphorylation by PKA that is part of an AKAP-dependent signaling complex. This provides insight into the molecular basis for localized regulation of cAMP signaling in human ASM cells. ER -