RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 δ-Tocopherol Effect on Endocytosis and its Combination with Enzyme Replacement Therapy for Lysosomal Disorders: a New Type of Drug Interaction?
JF Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
JO J Pharmacol Exp Ther
FD American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
SP jpet.119.257345
DO 10.1124/jpet.119.257345
A1 Rachel L Manthe
A1 Jeffrey A Rappaport
A1 Yan Long
A1 Melani Solomon
A1 Vinay Veluvolu
A1 Michael Hildreth
A1 Dencho Gugutkov
A1 Juan Marugan
A1 Wei Zheng
A1 Silvia Muro
YR 2019
UL http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/early/2019/05/17/jpet.119.257345.abstract
AB Induction of lysosomal exocytosis alleviates lysosomal storage of undigested metabolites in cell models of lysosomal disorders (LDs). However, whether this strategy affects other vesicular compartments, e.g., those involved in endocytosis, is unknown. This is important both to predict side effects and to use this strategy in combination with therapies which require endocytosis for intracellular delivery, such as lysosomal enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). We investigated this using δ-tocopherol as a model previously shown to induce lysosomal exocytosis and cell models of type A Niemann-Pick disease, a LD characterized by acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) deficiency and sphingomyelin storage. δ-tocopherol and derivative CF3-T reduced net accumulation of fluid-phase, ligands, and polymer particles via phagocytic, caveolae-, clathrin-, and cell adhesion molecule (CAM)-mediated pathways, yet the latter route was less affected due to receptor overexpression. In agreement, δ-tocopherol lowered uptake of recombinant ASM by deficient cells (known to occur via the clathrin pathway) and via targeting intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (associated to the CAM pathway). However, the net enzyme activity delivered and lysosomal storage attenuation were greater via the latter route. Data suggest stimulation of exocytosis by tocopherols is not specific of lysosomes and affects endocytic cargo. However, this effect was transient and became unnoticeable several hours after tocopherol removal. Therefore, induction of exocytosis in combination with therapies requiring endocytic uptake, such as ERT, may represent a new type of drug interaction, yet this strategy could be valuable if properly timed for minimal interference.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT N/A