Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig. 1.
Experimental protocol.
- Fig. 2.
Effects of AN on body weight, gross observation of stomach, GUI, UIR, pH value of gastric juice and gastric juice volume in mice (mean ± S.D., n = 8). (A) Body weight curve. (B) Gross observation of stomach: (a) CON group; (b) IND group; (c) AN group; (d) OME group. (C) GUI and UIR. (D) pH value and gastric juice volume. Compared with CON group, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. Compared with IND group, #P < 0.05; ##P < 0.01.
- Fig. 3.
Effects of AN on histopathological changes in the gastric injury of mice (mean ± S.D., n = 3). (A) H&E staining (×200): (a) CON group; (b) IND group; (c) AN group; (d) OME group. (B) periodic acid–Schiff staining (×200): (e) CON group; (f) IND group; (g) AN group; (h) OME group.
- Fig. 4.
Effects of AN on the expression of COX-1, COX-2, and PGE2 proteins in the gastric tissue of mice (mean ± S.D., n = 3). (A) COX-1 and COX-2 expressions. (B) PGE2 contents. Compared with CON group, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. Compared with IND group, #P < 0.05; ##P < 0.01.
- Fig. 5.
Effects of AN on oxidative stress-related factors in the gastric tissue of mice (mean ± S.D., n = 8). (A) ROS content. (B) SOD activity. (C) MDA content. (D) GSH-Px activity. Compared with CON group, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. Compared with IND group, #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01.
- Fig. 6.
Effects of AN on inflammatory factors in the gastric tissue of mice (mean ± S.D., n = 8). (A) TNF-α content. (B) IL-6 content. (C) IL-1β content. (D) MPO activity. Compared with CON group, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. Compared with IND group, #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01.
- Fig. 7.
Effects of AN on the expression of Nrf2/ARE pathway-related proteins in the gastric tissue of mice (mean ± S.D., n = 3). (A) Electrophoretogram of Nrf2, p-Nrf2(S40), Keap1, and HO-1 proteins. (B) Relative expressions of p-Nrf2(S40), Nrf2, Keap1, and HO-1 proteins. Compared with CON group, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. Compared with IND group, #P < 0.05; ##P < 0.01.
- Fig. 8.
Effects of AN on the expression levels of NF-κB signaling pathway-related proteins in the gastric tissue of mice (mean ± S.D., n = 3). (A) p-NF-κB p65, NF-κB p65, and MMP-9 protein levels; B. Relative expressions of p-NF-κB p65/NF-kB p65 and MMP-9. (C) Immunofluorescence analysis for the effect of AN on the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Compared with CON group, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. Compared with IND group, #P < 0.05; ##P < 0.01.
- Fig. 9.
Effects of AN on the apoptosis of gastric cells in mice (mean ± S.D., n = 3). (A) Apoptosis of gastric cells detected by Hoechst staining. (B) Apoptosis rate of gastric tissue. (C) Bcl2, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3 protein levels. (D) Relative expressions of Bcl2/Bax and cleaved caspase-3. Compared with CON group, *P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01. Compared with IND group, #P < 0.05; ##P < 0.01.
- Fig. 10.
Mechanism of protective effect of AN against the gastric ulcer in mice.
