Visual predictive checks of the unperturbed tumor growth model corresponding to lung tumor cell lines. Lines represent the 2.5th (dashed), 50th (solid), and 97.5th (dashed) percentiles of raw data. Gray areas correspond to the 95% confidence interval of the 2.5th, 50th, and 97.5th percentiles computed from 1000 simulated studies. Black lower marks indicate the used binning intervals for plotting.

(A) Graphical representation of the parameter estimates for the different tumor cells lines categorized by the number of studies available and the associated variability magnitude. (B) Relation between the estimate of the different IAVs and the number of mice included in the analysis of each cell line.

(A) Box plot of the relative S.E. (RSE) values for the structural and variability model parameters (parameter definition provided in Materials and Methods) of the different cell lines assuming samples taken every 2 days (Q2D). (B) Box plot representing the predicted precision when evaluating the sampling designs twice per week (BIW), once per week (QW), or the optimized sampling schema (OPT8) with respect to the Q2D reference design. The box represents the interquartile range (IQR) and the whiskers expand up to 1.5 times the IQR range. Dots represent outliers; RUV denotes residual unexplained variability.

Relative S.E. values of the typical (upper panels) or IAV (lower panels) model parameters vs. the number of mice included in the analysis of the different cell lines. BIW, tumor size samples taken twice per week; Q2D, tumor size samples taken every two days; QW, tumor size samples taken every week.