Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig. 1.
Timeline and design of chronic treatment experiments. In each experiment, rats received 28 days of repeated daily ropinirole (0.0 or 0.1 mg/kg, s.c.) treatment followed by an acute PCP (3.0 mg/kg, i.p.) challenge 7–10 days after termination of treatment.
- Fig. 2.
(A) Distance traveled over time before and after acute PCP (3.0 and 6.0 mg/kg) or saline injection. Injection time is indicated by the vertical arrow. (B) Total distance traveled during 60 minutes after PCP or saline injection. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ****P < 0.0001 versus saline treatment by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. Data are expressed as the amount of distance traveled (mean ± S.E.M.). n = 11 rats/group.
- Fig. 3.
(A) Distance traveled over time before and after PCP (3.0 mg/kg) or saline challenge 10 days after repeated saline or ropinirole (0.1 mg/kg) treatment. Injection time is indicated by the vertical arrow. (B) Total distance traveled during 60 minutes after PCP or saline injection. **P < 0.01 versus repeated saline treatment and challenge by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. Data are expressed as amount of distance traveled (mean ± S.E.M.). n = 8 rats/group.
- Fig. 4.
Percent PPI data determined at prepulse levels 3 (A), 6 (B), or 12 (C) dB above ambient noise (70 day (B); PCP challenge 1 day before repeated treatment (day 0) and 7 days after repeated treatment (day 35). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01 ****P < 0.0001 on day 0 or day 35. PCP challenge after repeated saline treatment by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. Data are expressed as percentage of PPI (mean ± S.E.M.). n = 16 rats/group.
- Fig. 5.
Percent PPI data collapsed across prepulse levels 3, 6, or 12 days (B) above ambient noise (70 day) (B); PCP challenge 1 day before repeated treatment (day 0) and 7 days after repeated treatment (day 35). ****P < 0.0001 on day 0 versus saline acute challenges, ****P < 0.0001 on day 35 versus repeated saline treatment and challenge; also, PCP challenge after repeated ropinirole treatment versus PCP challenge after repeated saline treatment by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. Data are expressed as percentage of PPI (mean ± S.E.M.). n = 16 rats/group.
- Fig. 6.
Time (mean ± S.E.M.) the rats spent engaged in social interaction after acute PCP challenge 7 days after repeated treatment. ****P < 0.0001 compared with saline challenge by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. Data are expressed as the average of seconds (mean ± S.E.M.). n = 16 rats/group.
Tables
- TABLE 1
Average raw Newtons (N) response to pulse (120 dB) and no stimulus trials (mean ± S.E.M.) on challenge day (day 0 or 35)
Drug Treatment Repeated-Challenge 120-dB Pulse Day 0 No Stimulus Day 0 120-dB Pulse Day 35 No Stimulus Day 35 Saline-saline 0.466 ± 0.090 0.087 ± 0.049 0.549 ± 0.080 0.047 ± 0.005 Ropinirole-saline 0.688 ± 0.148 0.081 ± 0.038 1.018 ± 0.214 0.049 ± 0.003 Saline-PCP 0.854 ± 0.136 0.047 ± 0.005 1.509 ± 0.346* 0.051 ± 0.005 Ropinirole-PCP 0.672 ± 0.152 0.041 ± 0.004 1.326 ± 0.238* 0.048 ± 0.006 ↵* P < 0.05 compared with saline-saline.
- TABLE 2
Average amount of time (mean seconds ± S.E.M.) spent in passive interaction on challenge day
Drug Treatment Time (Mean Seconds ± S.E.M.) Saline-saline 32.74 ± 5.27 Ropinirole-saline 37.04 ± 8.71 Saline-PCP 31.60 ± 6.59 Ropinirole-PCP 38.78 ± 10.71 No significant effect of repeated drug treatment or PCP challenge on time during passive interaction.
