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Research ArticleBehavioral Pharmacology

Evaluation of the Reinforcing Effect of Quetiapine, Alone and in Combination with Cocaine, in Rhesus Monkeys

Robert E. Brutcher, Susan H. Nader and Michael A. Nader
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics February 2016, 356 (2) 244-250; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.115.228577
Robert E. Brutcher
Center for Neurobiology of Addiction Treatment, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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Susan H. Nader
Center for Neurobiology of Addiction Treatment, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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Michael A. Nader
Center for Neurobiology of Addiction Treatment, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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Abstract

There are several case reports of nonmedicinal quetiapine abuse, yet there are very limited preclinical studies investigating quetiapine self-administration. The goal of this study was to investigate the reinforcing effects of quetiapine alone and in combination with intravenous cocaine in monkeys. In experiment 1, cocaine-experienced female monkeys (N = 4) responded under a fixed-ratio (FR) 30 schedule of food reinforcement (1.0-g banana-flavored pellets), and when responding was stable, quetiapine (0.003–0.1 mg/kg per injection) or saline was substituted for a minimum of five sessions; there was a return to food-maintained responding between doses. Next, monkeys were treated with quetiapine (25 mg, by mouth, twice a day) for approximately 30 days, and then the quetiapine self-administration dose-response curve was redetermined. In experiment 2, male monkeys (N = 6) self-administered cocaine under a concurrent FR schedule with food reinforcement (three food pellets) as the alternative to cocaine (0.003–0.3 mg/kg per injection) presentation. Once choice responding was stable, the effects of adding quetiapine (0.03 or 0.1 mg/kg per injection) to the cocaine solution were examined. In experiment 1, quetiapine did not function as a reinforcer, and chronic quetiapine treatment did not alter these effects. In experiment 2, cocaine choice increased in a dose-dependent fashion. The addition of quetiapine to cocaine resulted in increases in low-dose cocaine choice and number of cocaine injections in four monkeys, while not affecting high-dose cocaine preference. Thus, although quetiapine alone does not have abuse potential, there was evidence of enhancement of the reinforcing potency of cocaine. These results suggest that the use of quetiapine in cocaine-addicted patients should be monitored.

Footnotes

    • Received August 17, 2015.
    • Accepted December 3, 2015.
  • This research was supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse [Grants DA 025120 and DA012460].

  • dx.doi.org/10.1124/jpet.115.228577.

  • Copyright © 2016 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics: 356 (2)
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Vol. 356, Issue 2
1 Feb 2016
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Research ArticleBehavioral Pharmacology

Abuse Potential of Quetiapine

Robert E. Brutcher, Susan H. Nader and Michael A. Nader
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics February 1, 2016, 356 (2) 244-250; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.115.228577

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Research ArticleBehavioral Pharmacology

Abuse Potential of Quetiapine

Robert E. Brutcher, Susan H. Nader and Michael A. Nader
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics February 1, 2016, 356 (2) 244-250; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.115.228577
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