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Research ArticleMinireviews

Viral and Other Cell-Penetrating Peptides as Vectors of Therapeutic Agents in Medicine

Julia Durzyńska, Łucja Przysiecka, Robert Nawrot, Jakub Barylski, Grzegorz Nowicki, Alicja Warowicka, Oskar Musidlak and Anna Goździcka-Józefiak
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics July 2015, 354 (1) 32-42; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.115.223305
Julia Durzyńska
Department of Molecular Virology (J.D., R.N., J.B., G.N., O.M., A.G.-J.), and NanoBioMedical Center (Ł.P., A.W.), Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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Łucja Przysiecka
Department of Molecular Virology (J.D., R.N., J.B., G.N., O.M., A.G.-J.), and NanoBioMedical Center (Ł.P., A.W.), Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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Robert Nawrot
Department of Molecular Virology (J.D., R.N., J.B., G.N., O.M., A.G.-J.), and NanoBioMedical Center (Ł.P., A.W.), Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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Jakub Barylski
Department of Molecular Virology (J.D., R.N., J.B., G.N., O.M., A.G.-J.), and NanoBioMedical Center (Ł.P., A.W.), Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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Grzegorz Nowicki
Department of Molecular Virology (J.D., R.N., J.B., G.N., O.M., A.G.-J.), and NanoBioMedical Center (Ł.P., A.W.), Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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Alicja Warowicka
Department of Molecular Virology (J.D., R.N., J.B., G.N., O.M., A.G.-J.), and NanoBioMedical Center (Ł.P., A.W.), Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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Oskar Musidlak
Department of Molecular Virology (J.D., R.N., J.B., G.N., O.M., A.G.-J.), and NanoBioMedical Center (Ł.P., A.W.), Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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Anna Goździcka-Józefiak
Department of Molecular Virology (J.D., R.N., J.B., G.N., O.M., A.G.-J.), and NanoBioMedical Center (Ł.P., A.W.), Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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Abstract

Efficient delivery of heterologous molecules for treatment of cells is a great challenge in modern medicine and pharmacology. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) may improve efficient delivery of a wide range of macromolecular cargos, including plasmid DNA, small interfering RNA, drugs, nanoparticulate pharmaceutical carriers, and anticancer drugs. In this paper, we present the history of CPPs’ discovery with special attention drawn to sequences of viral origin. We also describe different CPP families with regard to their physicochemical properties and numerous mechanisms of CPP cell uptake by direct penetration and endocytotic pathways. A detailed description is focused on formation of carrier-cargo complexes, which are needed for practical use of CPPs in medicine and biotechnology. Examples of successful application of CPPs in treatment of human diseases are also presented, including decreased tumor growth and induction of cancer cell death. Finally, we review modern design approaches to novel CPPs and prediction of their activity. To sum up, the current review presents a thorough and up-to-date knowledge of CPPs and may be a valuable source of information for researchers in pharmacology designing new therapeutic agents.

Footnotes

    • Received February 3, 2015.
    • Accepted April 27, 2015.
  • This work was supported by the National Centre for Research and Development in Poland under research grant “Nanomaterials and their application to biomedicine,” contract number PBS1/A9/13/2012 (to Ł.P. and A.W.).

  • dx.doi.org/10.1124/jpet.115.223305.

  • Copyright © 2015 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics: 354 (1)
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Vol. 354, Issue 1
1 Jul 2015
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Research ArticleMinireviews

Cell-Penetrating Peptides in Medicine

Julia Durzyńska, Łucja Przysiecka, Robert Nawrot, Jakub Barylski, Grzegorz Nowicki, Alicja Warowicka, Oskar Musidlak and Anna Goździcka-Józefiak
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics July 1, 2015, 354 (1) 32-42; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.115.223305

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Research ArticleMinireviews

Cell-Penetrating Peptides in Medicine

Julia Durzyńska, Łucja Przysiecka, Robert Nawrot, Jakub Barylski, Grzegorz Nowicki, Alicja Warowicka, Oskar Musidlak and Anna Goździcka-Józefiak
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics July 1, 2015, 354 (1) 32-42; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.115.223305
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Cell-Penetrating Peptide Families
    • Translocation of CPPs into Cells
    • Formation of Carrier-Cargo Complexes
    • Application of CPPs in Medicine and Biotechnology
    • CPPs and Host Immune Response
    • Design and Prediction of Novel CPPs
    • Conclusion
    • Acknowledgments
    • Authorship Contributions
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