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Research ArticleMinireviews

The Neurokinin-1 Receptor in Addictive Processes

Jesse R. Schank
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics October 2014, 351 (1) 2-8; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.113.210799
Jesse R. Schank
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
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Abstract

Stress can trigger drug-seeking behavior, increase self-administration rates, and enhance drug reward. A number of stress-related neuropeptides have been shown to mediate these behavioral processes. The most studied peptide in this category is corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), which has been shown to mediate stress-induced reinstatement of drug seeking, escalated self-administration, and drug withdrawal, but it does not seem to be involved in baseline drug self-administration or cue-induced reinstatement. This pattern of effects holds for many classes of drugs, including alcohol, opiates, and psychostimulants. The neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) is the preferred receptor for the endogenous stress-related neuropeptide substance P (SP). The SP/NK1R system is a major mediator of stress and anxiety, and over the last several years, it has been demonstrated that the SP/NK1R system can have effects similar to those of CRH on drug taking and drug seeking. Specifically, NK1R inhibition attenuates escalated self-administration of alcohol as well as stress-induced reinstatement of alcohol and cocaine seeking; however, in contrast to other stress systems, the NK1R also appears to have a role in primary reward and reinforcement for opiates. This review outlines the role of NK1R in drug-seeking behaviors and highlights recent results from clinical studies that suggest that the NK1R may be a promising drug target going forward.

Footnotes

    • Received March 23, 2014.
    • Accepted July 17, 2014.
  • dx.doi.org/10.1124/jpet.113.210799.

  • Copyright © 2014 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics: 351 (1)
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Vol. 351, Issue 1
1 Oct 2014
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Research ArticleMinireviews

Neurokinin-1 Receptor in Addiction

Jesse R. Schank
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics October 1, 2014, 351 (1) 2-8; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.113.210799

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Research ArticleMinireviews

Neurokinin-1 Receptor in Addiction

Jesse R. Schank
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics October 1, 2014, 351 (1) 2-8; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.113.210799
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • SP and CRH: Siblings in Behavioral, Neurochemical, and Endocrine Stress Responses
    • Preclinical Findings in Rodent Models of Drug Addiction
    • Summary
    • The SP/NK1R System as a Promising Therapeutic Target
    • Conclusions
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