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Research ArticleBEHAVIORAL PHARMACOLOGY

The Competitive N-Methyl-d-aspartate Receptor Antagonist (-)-6-Phosphonomethyl-deca-hydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic Acid (LY235959) Potentiates the Antinociceptive Effects of Opioids That Vary in Efficacy at the μ-Opioid Receptor

Richard M. Allen, Arthur L. Granger and Linda A. Dykstra
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics November 2003, 307 (2) 785-792; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.103.055319
Richard M. Allen
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Arthur L. Granger
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Linda A. Dykstra
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Abstract

(-)-6-Phosphonomethyl-deca-hydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (LY235959) is a competitive N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist shown to prevent the development of tolerance to the antinociceptive effects of morphine in rodents. Although administration of LY235959 alone generally does not produce antinociception, LY235959 potentiates the antinociceptive effects of morphine in squirrel monkeys. The present study was designed to determine whether LY235959 would potentiate the acute antinociceptive effects of morphine as well those of the opioid receptor agonists l-methadone, levorphanol, butorphanol, and buprenorphine. A squirrel monkey titration procedure was used in which shock (delivered to the tail) increased in intensity every 15 s (0.01-2.0 mA) in 30 increments. Five lever presses during any given 15-s shock period (fixed ratio 5) produced a 15-s shock-free period after which shock resumed at the next lower intensity. Morphine (0.3-3.0 mg/kg i.m.), l-methadone (0.1-0.56 mg/kg i.m.), levorphanol (0.1-1.0 mg/kg i.m.), butorphanol (1.0-10 mg/kg i.m.), and buprenorphine (0.01-0.03 mg/kg i.m.), but not LY235959 (0.1-1.0 mg/kg i.m.), dose and time dependently increased the intensity below which monkeys maintained shock 50% of the time (median shock level, MSL). LY235959 dose dependently potentiated the effect of each opioid agonist on MSL when concurrently administered to monkeys. Although LY235959 potentiated the antinociceptive effect of each opioid examined in a statistically significant manner, LY235959 seemed more potent and effective when combined with higher efficacy opioids. The present data suggest that the N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist, LY235959, can potentiate the antinociceptive effects of a range of opioid receptor agonists independently of nonspecific motor effects.

Footnotes

  • DOI: 10.1124/jpet.103.055319.

  • ABBREVIATIONS: MOR, μ-opioid receptor; NMDA, N-methyl-d-aspartate; SNC80, (+)-4-[(αR)-α-((2S,5R)-4-allyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxy-benzyl]-N,N-diethyl-benzamide; FR, fixed ratio; MSL, median shock level; RR, response rate; ANOVA, analysis of variance; (+)-HA-966, (+)-(1-hydroxy-3-aminopyrrolidine-2-one).

    • Received June 5, 2003.
    • Accepted August 7, 2003.
  • The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics: 307 (2)
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Vol. 307, Issue 2
1 Nov 2003
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The Competitive N-Methyl-d-aspartate Receptor Antagonist (-)-6-Phosphonomethyl-deca-hydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic Acid (LY235959) Potentiates the Antinociceptive Effects of Opioids That Vary in Efficacy at the μ-Opioid Receptor
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Research ArticleBEHAVIORAL PHARMACOLOGY

The Competitive N-Methyl-d-aspartate Receptor Antagonist (-)-6-Phosphonomethyl-deca-hydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic Acid (LY235959) Potentiates the Antinociceptive Effects of Opioids That Vary in Efficacy at the μ-Opioid Receptor

Richard M. Allen, Arthur L. Granger and Linda A. Dykstra
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics November 1, 2003, 307 (2) 785-792; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.103.055319

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Research ArticleBEHAVIORAL PHARMACOLOGY

The Competitive N-Methyl-d-aspartate Receptor Antagonist (-)-6-Phosphonomethyl-deca-hydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic Acid (LY235959) Potentiates the Antinociceptive Effects of Opioids That Vary in Efficacy at the μ-Opioid Receptor

Richard M. Allen, Arthur L. Granger and Linda A. Dykstra
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics November 1, 2003, 307 (2) 785-792; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.103.055319
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