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Research ArticleABSORPTION, DISTRIBUTION, METABOLISM, AND EXCRETION

Inhibition of Transporter-Mediated Hepatic Uptake as a Mechanism for Drug-Drug Interaction between Cerivastatin and Cyclosporin A

Yoshihisa Shitara, Tomoo Itoh, Hitoshi Sato, Albert P. Li and Yuichi Sugiyama
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics February 2003, 304 (2) 610-616; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.102.041921
Yoshihisa Shitara
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Tomoo Itoh
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Hitoshi Sato
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Albert P. Li
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Yuichi Sugiyama
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Abstract

The mechanism involved in the clinically relevant drug-drug interaction (DDI) between cerivastatin (CER) and cyclosporin A (CsA) has not yet been clarified. In the present study, we examined the possible roles of transporter-mediated hepatic uptake in this DDI. The uptake of [14C]CER into human hepatocytes prepared from three different donors was examined. Kinetic analyses revealedKm values for the uptake of [14C]CER within the range of 3 to 18 μM, suggesting that more than 70% of the total uptake at therapeutic CER concentrations was accounted for by a saturable process, i.e., transporter-mediated uptake. This uptake was inhibited by CsA withKi values of 0.3 to 0.7 μM. The uptake of [14C]CER was also examined in human organic anion transporting polypeptide-2 (OATP2)-expressing Madin-Darby canine kidney cells (MDCKII). Saturable OATP2-mediated uptake of [14C]CER was observed and was also inhibited by CsA, with a Ki value of 0.2 μM. These results suggest that the DDI between CER and CsA involves the inhibition of transporter-mediated uptake of CER and, at least in part, its OATP2-mediated uptake. The effect of CsA on the in vitro metabolism of [14C]CER was also examined. The metabolism of [14C]CER was inhibited by CsA with an IC50value of more than 30 μM. From these results, we conclude that the DDI between CER and CsA is mainly due to the inhibition of transporter (at least partly OATP2)-mediated uptake in the liver.

Footnotes

  • ↵1 Present address: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.

  • ↵2 Present address: Phase 1 Molecular Toxicology, Inc., Santa Fe, NM.

  • DOI: 10.1124/jpet.102.041921

  • Abbreviations:
    HMG-CoA
    3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A
    DDI
    drug-drug interaction
    CER
    cerivastatin
    CsA
    cyclosporin A
    OATP
    organic anion transporting polypeptide
    MDCK
    Madin-Darby canine kidney
    OAT
    organic anion transporter
    AUC
    area under plasma concentration-time curve
    CL
    clearance
    • Received July 23, 2002.
    • Accepted October 28, 2002.
  • The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics: 304 (2)
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Vol. 304, Issue 2
1 Feb 2003
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Research ArticleABSORPTION, DISTRIBUTION, METABOLISM, AND EXCRETION

Inhibition of Transporter-Mediated Hepatic Uptake as a Mechanism for Drug-Drug Interaction between Cerivastatin and Cyclosporin A

Yoshihisa Shitara, Tomoo Itoh, Hitoshi Sato, Albert P. Li and Yuichi Sugiyama
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics February 1, 2003, 304 (2) 610-616; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.102.041921

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Research ArticleABSORPTION, DISTRIBUTION, METABOLISM, AND EXCRETION

Inhibition of Transporter-Mediated Hepatic Uptake as a Mechanism for Drug-Drug Interaction between Cerivastatin and Cyclosporin A

Yoshihisa Shitara, Tomoo Itoh, Hitoshi Sato, Albert P. Li and Yuichi Sugiyama
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics February 1, 2003, 304 (2) 610-616; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.102.041921
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