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Research ArticleBEHAVIORAL PHARMACOLOGY

Effects of Bremazocine on Self-Administration of Smoked Cocaine Base and Orally Delivered Ethanol, Phencyclidine, Saccharin, and Food in Rhesus Monkeys: A Behavioral Economic Analysis

Kelly P. Cosgrove and Marilyn E. Carroll
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics June 2002, 301 (3) 993-1002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.301.3.993
Kelly P. Cosgrove
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Marilyn E. Carroll
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Abstract

There is increasing evidence that κ-opioid receptor agonists modulate cocaine-maintained behavior, and limited findings implicate the involvement of κ-opioid receptors in ethanol-maintained behaviors. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of bremazocine, a κ-opioid agonist, on the self-administration of smoked cocaine base and oral ethanol in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). To determine the selectivity of bremazocine, the effects of bremazocine pretreatment on the oral self-administration of phencyclidine (PCP), saccharin, and food were also examined. Adult male rhesus monkeys were trained to self-administer oral ethanol, PCP, saccharin (n = 8), food (n = 6), or smoked cocaine base (n = 6) and water during daily sessions. Bremazocine (0.00032-, 0.001-, and 0.0025-mg/kg i.m.) injections were given 15 min before session. The 4 days of stable behavior before pretreatment served as baseline. Demand curves (consumption × fixed ratio; FR) were obtained for smoked cocaine base, ethanol, and PCP by varying the cost (FR) of drug deliveries and measuring consumption (deliveries). Bremazocine (0.001 mg/kg) was administered at each FR value in nonsystematic order. Results indicate that bremazocine dose dependently reduced cocaine, ethanol, PCP, and saccharin intake. Food intake was affected less by bremazocine than the other substances in five of the six monkeys. Generally, bremazocine treatment reduced the demand for cocaine, ethanol, and PCP as well as other measures of response strength. These results extend the findings that κ-agonists reduce the self-administration of drug and nondrug reinforcers to smoked cocaine base and oral ethanol, PCP, and saccharin in rhesus monkeys.

Footnotes

  • This research was supported by National Institute on Drug Abuse Grant R01-DA02486-21 and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Grant F31-AA005575-02. Portions of this work were previously presented at The College of Problems of Drug Dependence, 2000.

  • Abbreviations:
    PCP
    phencyclidine
    FR
    fixed ratio
    LED
    light-emitting diode
    ANOVA
    analysis of variance
    PR
    progressive ratio
    SCH 23390
    R-(+)-7-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine
    U50488
    trans-3,4-dichloro-N-methyl-N-[2-(1-pyrrolidiny)-cyclohexyl]benzeneacetamide
    U69593
    (5a,7a,8b)-(−)-N-methyl-N-(7-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-oxaspiro-(4,5)-dec-8-yl)-benzeneacetamide
    U62066
    spiradoline mesylate
    • Received November 14, 2001.
    • Accepted February 16, 2002.
  • The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics: 301 (3)
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Vol. 301, Issue 3
1 Jun 2002
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Research ArticleBEHAVIORAL PHARMACOLOGY

Effects of Bremazocine on Self-Administration of Smoked Cocaine Base and Orally Delivered Ethanol, Phencyclidine, Saccharin, and Food in Rhesus Monkeys: A Behavioral Economic Analysis

Kelly P. Cosgrove and Marilyn E. Carroll
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics June 1, 2002, 301 (3) 993-1002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.301.3.993

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Research ArticleBEHAVIORAL PHARMACOLOGY

Effects of Bremazocine on Self-Administration of Smoked Cocaine Base and Orally Delivered Ethanol, Phencyclidine, Saccharin, and Food in Rhesus Monkeys: A Behavioral Economic Analysis

Kelly P. Cosgrove and Marilyn E. Carroll
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics June 1, 2002, 301 (3) 993-1002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.301.3.993
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