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Research ArticlePERSPECTIVES IN PHARMACOLOGY

Pharmacology and Toxicology of Astrocyte-Neuron Glutamate Transport and Cycling

Ursula Sonnewald, Hong Qu and Michael Aschner
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics April 2002, 301 (1) 1-6; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.301.1.1
Ursula Sonnewald
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Hong Qu
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Michael Aschner
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Abstract

The interaction between astrocytes and neurons is examined from the standpoint of glutamate neurotoxicity. The review details 1) the distribution of glutamate transporters on astrocytes and neurons, provoking a reformulation of the interdependence between these two cell types in removing extracellular glutamate and preventing excitotoxic injury; 2) the potential involvement of aberrant glutamate transporter function in the etiology of neuropathological conditions; 3) the role of astrocyte-neuron interaction in widely divergent aspects of brain energetics; 4) the role of astrocytes in the process of glutamate recycling within the context of anesthetic treatment with pentobarbital and thiopental.

Footnotes

  • This review was supported by the Research Council of Norway (to U.S.), SINTEF Unimed Foundations (to U.S.), the Normox NorFa grant (to U.S.), the Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (to H.Q.), and U.S. Public Health Service grants from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS 07331 and 10563) (to M.A.).

  • Abbreviations:
    CNS
    central nervous system
    NMDAR
    N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor
    ROS
    reactive oxygen species
    GLT1
    glutamate transporter 1
    EAA
    excitatory amino acid
    GSH
    glutathione
    GLAST
    glutamate/aspartate transporter
    ALS
    amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    TCA
    tricarboxylic acid
    GABA
    γ-aminobutyric acid
    dB-cAMP
    dibutyryl cyclic AMP
    • Received December 6, 2001.
    • Accepted January 9, 2002.
  • The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics: 301 (1)
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Vol. 301, Issue 1
1 Apr 2002
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Research ArticlePERSPECTIVES IN PHARMACOLOGY

Pharmacology and Toxicology of Astrocyte-Neuron Glutamate Transport and Cycling

Ursula Sonnewald, Hong Qu and Michael Aschner
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics April 1, 2002, 301 (1) 1-6; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.301.1.1

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Research ArticlePERSPECTIVES IN PHARMACOLOGY

Pharmacology and Toxicology of Astrocyte-Neuron Glutamate Transport and Cycling

Ursula Sonnewald, Hong Qu and Michael Aschner
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics April 1, 2002, 301 (1) 1-6; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.301.1.1
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