Abstract
Proliferation and maturation of neurons has been demonstrated to occur at a significant rate in discrete regions of adult brain, including the hippocampus and subventricular zone. Moreover, adult neurogenesis is an extremely dynamic process that is regulated in both a positive and negative manner by neuronal activity and environmental factors. It has been suggested to play a role in several important neuronal functions, including learning, memory, and response to novelty. In addition, exposure to psychotropic drugs or stress regulates the rate of neurogenesis in adult brain, suggesting a possible role for neurogenesis in the pathophysiology and treatment of neurobiological illnesses such as depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and drug abuse. As the mechanisms that control adult neurogenesis continue to be identified, the exciting prospect of developing pharmacological agents that specifically regulate the proliferation and maturation of neurons in the adult brain could be fulfilled.
Footnotes
- Abbreviations:
- BrdU
- bromodeoxyuridine
- MAM
- methylazoxymethanol acetate
- BDNF
- brain-derived neurotrophic factor
- IGF-1
- insulin-like growth factor-1
- HPA
- hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
- 5-HT
- serotonin
- NMDA
- N-methyl-d-aspartate
- CREB
- cAMP response element-binding protein
- Received February 23, 2001.
- Accepted June 14, 2001.
- The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
JPET articles become freely available 12 months after publication, and remain freely available for 5 years.Non-open access articles that fall outside this five year window are available only to institutional subscribers and current ASPET members, or through the article purchase feature at the bottom of the page.
|