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Research ArticleINFLAMMATION AND IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY

Inverse Agonist Activity of Selected Ligands of Platelet-Activating Factor Receptor

Denis J. Dupré, Christian Le Gouill, Marek Rola-Pleszczynski and Jana Staňková
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics October 2001, 299 (1) 358-365;
Denis J. Dupré
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Christian Le Gouill
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Marek Rola-Pleszczynski
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Jana Staňková
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Abstract

The receptor for platelet-activating factor (PAFR) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family. According to the allosteric ternary complex model, GPCRs exist in an equilibrium between different conformations. Agonist binding promotes and stabilizes the receptor in an active conformation. On the other hand, ligands that stabilize the inactive conformation are known as inverse agonists. Due to the association of platelet-activating factor (PAF) with diverse physiological and pathological processes, considerable efforts have been invested in the development of antagonists to PAFR. A large number of these molecules has been shown to specifically interact with PAFR but, surprisingly, little is known about their impact on the conformation of the receptor and its activity. By using a constitutively active mutant (L231R) of the human PAFR and by transiently coexpressing the wild-type (WT) receptor with the Gαq subunit of the trimeric G protein, we were able to address this issue with ligands of diverse structures such as phospholipids, benzodiazepines, furans, and others. We demonstrated that some of these molecules are potent inverse agonists. For example, when cells (WT PAFR + Gαq) were exposed to WEB2086, SM10661, or alprazolam, the basal inositol phosphate production was reduced by 53 ± 6, 44 ± 3, and 54 ± 4%, respectively. The decrease in basal inositol phosphate production by WEB2086 was significantly inhibited by a more neutral antagonist BN52021, confirming the specificity of the reaction. We demonstrate here that WEB2086 and other known ligands previously considered as antagonists can act as inverse agonists on the human PAF receptor.

Footnotes

  • ↵1 Current address: Department of Anesthesiology and Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095.

  • This study was supported by the Canadian Institutes for Health Research.

  • Abbreviations:
    PAF
    platelet-activating factor
    PAFR
    platelet-activating factor receptor
    GPCR
    G protein-coupled receptor
    IP
    inositol phosphate
    WT
    wild-type
    PBS
    phosphate-buffered saline
    • Received April 30, 2001.
    • Accepted July 3, 2001.
  • The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics: 299 (1)
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Vol. 299, Issue 1
1 Oct 2001
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Research ArticleINFLAMMATION AND IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY

Inverse Agonist Activity of Selected Ligands of Platelet-Activating Factor Receptor

Denis J. Dupré, Christian Le Gouill, Marek Rola-Pleszczynski and Jana Staňková
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics October 1, 2001, 299 (1) 358-365;

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Research ArticleINFLAMMATION AND IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY

Inverse Agonist Activity of Selected Ligands of Platelet-Activating Factor Receptor

Denis J. Dupré, Christian Le Gouill, Marek Rola-Pleszczynski and Jana Staňková
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics October 1, 2001, 299 (1) 358-365;
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