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Research ArticleABSORPTION, DISTRIBUTION, METABOLISM, AND EXCRETION

Characterization of a Novel Cationic Drug Transporter in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Yong-Hae Han, Douglas H. Sweet, Dan-Ning Hu and John B. Pritchard
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics February 2001, 296 (2) 450-457;
Yong-Hae Han
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Douglas H. Sweet
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Dan-Ning Hu
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John B. Pritchard
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Abstract

Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells transport a variety of solutes, but the capacity of human RPE cells to transport drugs and xenobiotics is not well understood. As an initial step to address this issue, we have examined human RPE transport of verapamil. Transport of [3H]verapamil was measured in two human RPE cell lines (RPE/Hu and ARPE-19) grown to confluence on 12-well culture plates. Verapamil uptake by RPE/Hu cells was highly concentrative, reaching cell-to-medium ratios as high as 42 by 1 h. Uptake was saturable, with an apparent K m of 7.2 μM. Verapamil uptake decreased in the presence of metabolic inhibitors, low temperature, and organic cations, including quinidine, pyrilamine, quinacrine, and diphenhydramine. However, other organic cations, including tetraethylammonium and cimetidine failed to inhibit. Verapamil uptake was also inhibited by the cationic antiglaucoma drugs diltiazem, timolol, and propranolol. Verapamil uptake was insensitive to changes in membrane potential. However, transport was markedly altered by changes in pH. Decreasing external pH inhibited uptake, whereas efflux was stimulated. Intracellular acidification via NH4Cl prepulse also stimulated uptake. Identical findings were obtained using the commercially available cell line ARPE-19. In view of its unique specificity, the RPE cell verapamil transporter described above is a novel, heretofore undescribed, organic cation transporter, distinct from the known members of the OCT family of organic cation transporters.

Footnotes

    • Received June 23, 2000.
    • Accepted October 9, 2000.
  • Send reprint requests to: John B. Pritchard, Ph.D., Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemistry, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institute of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. E-mail:pritchard{at}niehs.nih.gov

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Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics: 296 (2)
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Vol. 296, Issue 2
1 Feb 2001
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Research ArticleABSORPTION, DISTRIBUTION, METABOLISM, AND EXCRETION

Characterization of a Novel Cationic Drug Transporter in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Yong-Hae Han, Douglas H. Sweet, Dan-Ning Hu and John B. Pritchard
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics February 1, 2001, 296 (2) 450-457;

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Research ArticleABSORPTION, DISTRIBUTION, METABOLISM, AND EXCRETION

Characterization of a Novel Cationic Drug Transporter in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Yong-Hae Han, Douglas H. Sweet, Dan-Ning Hu and John B. Pritchard
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics February 1, 2001, 296 (2) 450-457;
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