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Research ArticleArticle

Modeling Geriatric Depression in Animals: Biochemical and Behavioral Effects of Olfactory Bulbectomy in Young Versus Aged Rats

Theodore A. Slotkin, Diane B. Miller, Fabio Fumagalli, Everett C. McCook, Jian Zhang, Garth Bissette and Frederic J. Seidler
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics April 1999, 289 (1) 334-345;
Theodore A. Slotkin
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Diane B. Miller
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Fabio Fumagalli
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Everett C. McCook
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Jian Zhang
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Garth Bissette
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Frederic J. Seidler
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Abstract

Geriatric depression exhibits biological and therapeutic differences relative to early-onset depression. We studied olfactory bulbectomy (OBX), a paradigm that shares major features of human depression, in young versus aged rats to determine mechanisms underlying these differences. Young OBX rats showed locomotor hyperactivity and a loss of passive avoidance and tactile startle. In contrast, aged OBX animals maintained avoidance and startle responses but showed greater locomotor stimulation; the aged group also exhibited decreased grooming and suppressed feeding with novel presentation of chocolate milk, effects which were not seen in young OBX. These behavioral contrasts were accompanied by greater atrophy of the frontal/parietal cortex and midbrain in aged OBX. Serotonin transporter sites were increased in the cortex and hippocampus of young OBX rats, but were decreased in the aged OBX group. Cell signaling cascades also showed age-dependent effects, with increased adenylyl cyclase responses to monoaminergic stimulation in young OBX but no change or a decrease in aged OBX. These data indicate that there are biological distinctions in effects of OBX in young and aged animals, which, if present in geriatric depression, provide a mechanistic basis for differences in biological markers and drug responses. OBX may provide a useful animal model with which to test therapeutic interventions for geriatric depression.

Footnotes

  • Send reprint requests to: Dr. T.A. Slotkin, Box 3813 Duke University Medical Center, Dept. of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Durham, NC 27710. E-mail: t.slotkin{at}duke.edu

  • ↵1 This research was supported by U.S. Public Health Service Grant MH-40159.

  • Abbreviations:
    ANCOVA
    analysis of covariance
    OBX
    olfactory bulbectomy/bulbectomized
    HPA
    hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal
    • Received August 11, 1998.
    • Accepted December 6, 1998.
  • The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics: 289 (1)
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Vol. 289, Issue 1
1 Apr 1999
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Research ArticleArticle

Modeling Geriatric Depression in Animals: Biochemical and Behavioral Effects of Olfactory Bulbectomy in Young Versus Aged Rats

Theodore A. Slotkin, Diane B. Miller, Fabio Fumagalli, Everett C. McCook, Jian Zhang, Garth Bissette and Frederic J. Seidler
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics April 1, 1999, 289 (1) 334-345;

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Research ArticleArticle

Modeling Geriatric Depression in Animals: Biochemical and Behavioral Effects of Olfactory Bulbectomy in Young Versus Aged Rats

Theodore A. Slotkin, Diane B. Miller, Fabio Fumagalli, Everett C. McCook, Jian Zhang, Garth Bissette and Frederic J. Seidler
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics April 1, 1999, 289 (1) 334-345;
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