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OtherAUTONOMIC PHARMACOLOGY

Stress Increases Plasma Enzyme Activity in Rats: Differential Effects of Adrenergic and Cholinergic Blockades

Hiroyuki Arakawa, Hiroshi Kodama, Nobuya Matsuoka and Isamu Yamaguchi
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics March 1997, 280 (3) 1296-1303;
Hiroyuki Arakawa
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Hiroshi Kodama
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Nobuya Matsuoka
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Isamu Yamaguchi
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Abstract

Plasma creatine phosphokinase, lactic dehydrogenase, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activities significantly increased in rats immersed in 23°C water for 6 hr after restraint (water immersion stress). The stress-induced rises in the four enzymes were significantly prevented by the intraperitoneal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (80 mg/kg), propranolol (1 and 10 mg/kg) or timolol (1 and 10 mg/kg) but not by phentolamine (0.1–10 mg/kg) and atropine (0.1–10 mg/kg). The stress also significantly increased plasma urea nitrogen and glucose levels; however, neither propranolol (0.1–10 mg/kg) nor timolol (0.1–10 mg/kg) did affect these levels. On the other hand, 6-hydroxydopamine (80 mg/kg) and phentolamine (10 mg/kg) slightly but significantly prevented the increase in plasma urea nitrogen level, and the stress-induced hyperglycemia was significantly prevented by either phentolamine (10 mg/kg) or atropine (1 and 10 mg/kg). Plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine levels were also increased significantly by the stress, and the norepinephrine response was suppressed significantly by 6-hydroxydopamine. In conclusion, excessive peripheral sympathetic activity possibly plays an important role in the water immersion stress-induced increases in the plasma enzymes activity primarily via beta-adrenoceptors, whereas alpha-adrenoceptors and the cholinergic nerves might be involved in the stress-induced increases in plasma urea nitrogen and glucose levels.

Footnotes

  • Send reprint requests to: Hiroshi Kodama, Ph. D., Division of Biological Sciences, Exploratory Research Laboratories, Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 5–2-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300–26, Japan.

  • Abbreviations:
    CPK
    creatine phosphokinase
    LDH
    lactic dehydrogenase
    GOT
    glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase
    GPT
    glutamic-pyruvic transaminase
    6-OHDA
    6-hydroxydopamine
    NE
    norepinephrine
    EPI
    epinephrine
    ANOVA
    analysis of variance
    HPLC
    high-performance liquid chromatography
    • Received April 30, 1996.
    • Accepted November 20, 1996.
  • The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Vol. 280, Issue 3
1 Mar 1997
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OtherAUTONOMIC PHARMACOLOGY

Stress Increases Plasma Enzyme Activity in Rats: Differential Effects of Adrenergic and Cholinergic Blockades

Hiroyuki Arakawa, Hiroshi Kodama, Nobuya Matsuoka and Isamu Yamaguchi
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics March 1, 1997, 280 (3) 1296-1303;

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OtherAUTONOMIC PHARMACOLOGY

Stress Increases Plasma Enzyme Activity in Rats: Differential Effects of Adrenergic and Cholinergic Blockades

Hiroyuki Arakawa, Hiroshi Kodama, Nobuya Matsuoka and Isamu Yamaguchi
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics March 1, 1997, 280 (3) 1296-1303;
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