Purpose : It has been proposed that a deficiency in the axonal transport of nerve growth factor
(NGF) may have an important role in inducing diabetic neuropathy, which contributes to …

Micturition, or urination, occurs involuntarily in infants and young children until the age of 3
to 5 years, after which it is regulated voluntarily. The neural circuitry that controls this process …

OBJECTIVES: The functions of the lower urinary tract (LUT) to store and periodically release
urine are dependent on neural circuits in the brain and spinal cord. This paper reviews the …

Although the urinary bladder urothelium has classically been thought of as a passive barrier
to ions and solutes, a number of novel properties have been recently attributed to urothelial …

In the urinary bladder, the capsaicin-gated ion channel TRPV1 is expressed both within
afferent nerve terminals and within the epithelial cells that line the bladder lumen. To determine …

Materials and Methods Reverse Transcription–PCR. Poly (A) RNA was isolated from tissue
or cultured cells by homogenization in Trizol (Life Technologies, Grand Island, NY) followed …

… 9 De Groat, WC, Mechanisms underlying recurrent inhibition in the sacral parasympathetic
outflow to the urinary bladder, J. Physiol. (Lond.), 257 (1976) 503--513. 10 De Groat, WC, …

… Bladder afferents are A6 and C fibers (de Groat and Ryall, '69; Milne and de Groat, '79),
while colon afferents are primarily C fibers (de Groat and Krier, '78). The possibility exists of …

Micturition in cats and rats with an intact neuraxis is dependent upon a spinobulbospinal
reflex activated by Aδ bladder afferents. This report describes changes in micturition reflexes 2 …

This article summarizes anatomical, neurophysiological, pharmacological, and brain imaging
studies in humans and animals that have provided insights into the neural circuitry and …