Tobacco smoking is a worldwide public health problem. In the United States alone, over
400,000 deaths and $50 billion in medical costs annually are directly attributed to smoking 1 . …

The neurobiology of nicotine addiction is reviewed within the context of neurobiological and
behavioral theories postulated for other drugs of abuse. The roles of various …

The negative affective aspects of nicotine withdrawal have been hypothesized to contribute
to tobacco dependence. In the present studies in rats, brain stimulation reward thresholds, …

The reinforcing properties of a variety of drugs abused by humans have been investigated
using the technique of intravenous self-administration in the rat. To examine the effect of …

… The dissertation of Shelly Watkins is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and … and Shelly
Watkins contributed equally to the spontaneous withdrawal experiments and Shelly Watkins …

It is commonly believed that T cells have difficulty reaching tumors located in the brain due
to the presumed “immune privilege” of the central nervous system (CNS). Therefore, we …

… Watkins (forthcoming), in a review of articles that have appeared in Demography over the
last three decades, finds emphasis on economic explanations for fertility decline. Yet the …

Coal is an important part of the economy both in West Virginia and on the national level. In
West Virginia, the coal industry currently provides about 40,000 direct jobs, which includes …

Within 1 wk of liquid culture in granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF),
normal B10 BR (H-2k I-E+) mouse liver nonparenchymal cells (NPC) formed loosely …

… Russell 1 5 , Sucha Singh 1 , Adeola Adebayo Michael 1 , Laura Molina 1 , Shelly Kakar
3 , Pamela Cornuet 1 , Minakshi Poddar 1 , Simon C. Watkins 4 , Kari N. Nejak-Bowen 1 5 , …