Choline was officially recognized as an essential nutrient by the Institute of Medicine (IOM)
in 1998. There is significant variation in the dietary requirement for choline that can be …

… Tetrahydrofolate deficiency, induced by treatment with methotrexate (8, 9, 62, 136, 160) or by
dietary folate deficiency (SH Zeisel, unpublished data), results in diminished hepatic total …

… Choline concentration in amniotic fluid is tenfold greater than that present in maternal blood
(SH Zeisel, unpublished observations). Plasma or serum choline concentrations are six- to …

Choline is important for normal membrane function, acetylcholine synthesis and methyl group
metabolism; the choline requirement for humans is 550 mg/d for men (Adequate Intake). …

Choline is required to make essential membrane phospholipids. It is a precursor for the
biosynthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and also is an important source of labile …

… so as to maintain homocysteine remethylation (Zeisel, SH, unpublished data). Methionine …
it, deplete choline and betaine pools in liver (Zeisel, SH, unpublished data). Liver and kidney …

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease affects up to 30% of the US
population, but the mechanisms underlying this condition are incompletely understood. We …

We constantly search for new substances that can improve biological function or make us
fitter and healthier. Recently Western society has turned to foods as sources of these …

The discovery that a diet supplemented with choline alters brain function has stimulated
recent interest in this nutrient. At the same time, technical advances in the measurement of …

In experimental animals, maternal diet during the periconceptional period influences the
establishment of DNA methylation at metastable epialleles in the offspring, with permanent …