Lithium, carbamazepine and valproic acid are effective mood-stabilizing treatments for bipolar
affective disorder. The molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of these drugs and …

As people age they become increasingly susceptible to chronic and extremely debilitating
brain diseases. The precise cause of the neuronal degeneration underlying these disorders, …

The anticonvulsant properties of VPA (valproic acid), a branched short-chain fatty acid, were
serendipitously discovered in 1963. Since then, therapeutic roles of VPA have increased to …

High-fat, low-carbohydrate diets, known as ketogenic diets, have been used as a non-pharmacological
treatment for refractory epilepsy. A key mechanism of this treatment is thought to …

See Rogawski (doi: 10.1093/awv369 ) for a scientific commentary on this article. The medium
chain triglyceride ketogenic diet is an established treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy that …

The medium chain triglyceride (MCT) ketogenic diet is used extensively for treating refractory
childhood epilepsy. This diet increases the plasma levels of medium straight chain fatty …

The social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum is increasingly being used as a simple model
for the investigation of problems that are relevant to human health. This article focuses on …

Lithium is the simplest therapeutic agent available for the treatment of depression and has
been used for over 100 years, yet no definitive mechanism for its effect has been established. …

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is a key component of several signaling pathways
including those regulated by Wnt and insulin ligands. Specificity in GSK-3 signaling is thought to …

Much of Alzheimer disease (AD) research has been traditionally based on the use of animals,
which have been extensively applied in an effort to both improve our understanding of the …