Progression of chronic infections to end‐stage diseases and poor treatment results are
frequently associated with alcohol abuse. Alcohol metabolism suppresses innate and adaptive …

This review covers some important new aspects of the alcohol-induced communications
between liver parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells leading to liver injury development. The …

Antiretroviral drug (ARV) metabolism is linked largely to hepatic cytochrome P450 activity.
One ARV drug class known to be metabolized by intestinal and hepatic CYP3A are the …

Liver fibrosis is the scarring process where excessive extracellular matrix proteins occur and
can be caused by exposure to certain toxins or compounds such as alcohol. Alcohol can …

… It has been shown to exhibit anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and is being
used as herbal remedy since ancient times. Osteoarthritis of knee (KOA) is a chronic painful …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized, membrane-bound vesicles released from eukaryotic
and prokaryotic cells that can transport cargo containing DNA, RNA, lipids and proteins, …

Despite the efficacy of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) in controlling human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) replication, cytotoxic viral proteins such as HIV-1 transactivator of …

… : high-glucose Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), William’s E Medium with
plating … Since the size of sEVs is similar to HIV, it is imperative to separate sEVs from HIV [22,37], …

Substance use disorder (SUD) is a growing health problem that affects several millions of
people worldwide, resulting in negative socioeconomic impacts and increased health care …

Simple Summary Did you know that alcohol abuse among people living with HIV (PLWH) is
twice as frequent as in the general population? This undoubtedly makes alcohol abuse in …