P-glycoprotein, the most extensively studied ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, functions
as a biological barrier by extruding toxins and xenobiotics out of cells. In vitro and in vivo …

Two different cellular assay models were assessed as in vitro systems for P-glycoprotein (P-gp)
substrate identification: cellular accumulation studies with KB-V1, a human MDR1P-gp-…

The drug efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to confer multidrug resistance in
cancer chemotherapy. The P-gp is highly expressed in many types of tumor cells, as well as …

Purpose. Besides renal excretion, hepatic metabolism and biliary excretion are the major
pathways involved in the removal of xenobiotics. Recently, for many endogenous and …

Methotrexate [(+) amethopterin, L-MTX] has two carboxyl groups in its structure and is eliminated
mainly by excretion into urine and bile. To investigate the biliary excretion mechanism …

To examine whether the relatively selective inhibition of hepatic cholesterol synthesis by the
hydrophilic 3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor …

Purpose. In this study, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) mediated efflux of simvastatin (SV), simvastatin
acid (SVA), and atorvastatin (AVA) and inhibition of P-gp by SV, SVA, and AVA were …

Caco-2 cells grown in the presence of 1α,25-di-OH vitamin D 3 (di-OH vit D 3 ) were used
as a model to evaluate the effects of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) efflux on CYP3A4-mediated …

The biliary excretion of pravastatin in normal rats and Eisai hyperbiliruminemic rats (EHBRs)
was examined in vivo andin vitro using bile canalicular membrane vesicles (CMVs).In vivo, …

Caspofungin (CANCIDAS, a registered trademark of Merck & Co., Inc.) is a novel echinocandin
antifungal agent used in the treatment of esophageal and invasive candidiases, invasive …