This report discusses the principles of reproductive toxicity risk assessment for biopharmaceuticals
blocking the PD‐1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) pathway, which have …

Inhibition of γ-secretase, one of the enzymes responsible for the cleavage of the amyloid
precursor protein (APP) to produce the pathogenic β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides, is an attractive …

Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene are the most common genetic
cause of familial and sporadic Parkinson’s disease (PD). That the most prevalent mutation, …

The programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) pathway represents a major immune checkpoint, which
may be engaged by cells in the tumor microenvironment to overcome active T-cell immune …

Gain-of-function mutations in leucine-rich kinase 2 (LRRK2) are associated with increased
incidence of Parkinson disease (PD); thus, pharmacological inhibition of LRRK2 kinase …

CXCR3 is a chemokine receptor, upregulated upon activation of T cells and expressed on
nearly 100% of T cells in sites of inflammation. SCH 900875 is a selective CXCR3 receptor …

Neoplasia has long been recognized as a disease of teleosts (Ferguson, 1989). Neoplasms
occur not uncommonly in reptiles (Jacobson, 1981). Similarly/five types of neoplasms have …

To examine the effect of neonatal administration of tamoxifen on adult expression of hepatic
cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzymes and steroid 5α-reductase, male and female Sprague-…

Neonatal treatment of rodents with the widely used antiestrogen tamoxifen causes endometrial
cancer and reproductive tract lesions reminiscent of the diethylstilbestrol (DES) syndrome…

Phentolamine is a reversible competitive α-adrenergic antagonist with similar affinities for α1
and α2 receptors. It has a long history of safe clinical use, and was developed as a potential …