Calcium antagonism: aldosterone and vascular responses to catecholamines and angiotensin II in man

J Hypertens Suppl. 1993 Dec;11(6):S13-6.

Abstract

Effects of calcium antagonists on pressor mechanisms: A number of differences have been reported in the variable extent to which calcium antagonists interfere with various pressor mechanisms. In theory, high lipid solubility, membrane-binding characteristics and a prolonged duration of action appear to be requirements for a calcium antagonist to affect mechanisms such as vasodilation, endogenous vasoconstrictor responses, hormone release and natriuretic activity. Reduction in peripheral vascular resistance: A reduction in peripheral vascular resistance is fundamental to the antihypertensive effect not only of calcium antagonists but also of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists. However, only the calcium antagonists interfere directly with the pressor responses mediated by both the adrenergic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin system. Mechanism of lacidipine effects: Preliminary results with the new dihydropyridine calcium antagonist lacidipine indicate that it not only has vasodilator activity but that it also interferes with both adrenergic and non-adrenergic endogenous vasoconstrictor mechanisms. This may provide additional potentially beneficial cardiovascular effects, particularly in relation to left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aldosterone / metabolism
  • Angiotensin II / pharmacology
  • Blood Pressure / drug effects
  • Calcium Channel Blockers / pharmacology*
  • Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena
  • Cardiovascular System / drug effects*
  • Dihydropyridines / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / drug therapy
  • Norepinephrine / pharmacology
  • Vascular Resistance / drug effects
  • Vasoconstriction / drug effects

Substances

  • Calcium Channel Blockers
  • Dihydropyridines
  • Angiotensin II
  • lacidipine
  • Aldosterone
  • Norepinephrine