We employed the neural tracers cholera toxin-horseradish peroxidase and wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase to examine the organization of the afferent and efferent connections of the stomach within the medulla oblongata of the rat. The major finding of this study is that gastric motoneurons of the dorsal motor nucleus (DMN) possess numerous dendrites penetrating discrete regions of the overlying nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). In particular, dendritic labelling was present in areas of NTS which also received terminals of gastric vagal afferent fibers such as the subnucleus gelatinosus, nucleus commissuralis, and medial nucleus of NTS. This codistribution of afferent and efferent elements of the gastric vagus may provide loci for monosynaptic vagovagal interactions. A small number of dendrites of DMN neurons penetrated the ependyma of the fourth ventricle and a few others entered the ventral aspect of the area postrema, thus making possible the direct contact of preganglionic neurons with humoral input from the cerebrospinal fluid and/or the peripheral plasma. Nucleus ambiguus neurons projecting to the stomach predominantly innervate the forestomach. The dendrites of these cells, when labelled, were generally short, and extended beyond the compact cluster of ambiguus neurons in a ventrolateral direction, parallel to the fascicles of vagal efferent fibers traversing the medulla.