Lines of mice selected for differential initial sensitivity to the anesthetic effects of ethanol also differ in their locomotor responses to lower doses of ethanol. Sixteen recombinant inbred strains of mice derived from long-sleep (LS) and short-sleep (SS) selected lines as well as inbred LS and SS mice were used in a genetic correlational study to investigate possible associations between high-dose and low-dose indices of initial sensitivity to ethanol. Measurements of high-dose (4.1 g/kg) effects of ethanol were hypothermia, sleep time, and blood ethanol content at regaining of righting response, and the index of low-dose (1.875 g/kg) sensitivity was distance traveled during a 5-min period immediately following intraperitoneal injection with ethanol. The results indicated wide genetic variation in hypothermia and ethanol-induced locomotor activation in a manner consistent with polygenic influence. Furthermore, correlations between low-dose locomotor activity and hypnotic dose effects tended to be low and nonsignificant, indicating independence of inherited mechanisms underlying high- and low-dose ethanol sensitivity.