Rapid advances in the molecular pathogenesis of retinal and choroidal disorders have highlighted the urgent need for innovative drug delivery modalities to the loci of pathology. In vitro and in vivo studies suggest that the transscleral route may offer a means to achieve the goal of sustained, targeted drug delivery to the posterior segment. Potentially therapeutic concentrations of macromolecules with retention of bioactivity can be attained in the choroid and retina via minimally invasive transscleral delivery.