Abstract
Genetic instability and an accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes during tumor progression lead to an increasingly aggressive and treatment-resistant phenotype, and ultimately metastasis. In recent years it has become well established that angiogenesis, the process by which new vasculature is formed from pre-existing vessels, is an essential component to primary tumor growth and distant metastasis. A greater understanding of the complex multitude of factors involved in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis is fundamental to the development of potential therapeutics to treat malignant disease. As highlighted throughout this review, angiogenesis and metastasis share many common cellular and molecular features. We will briefly discuss the pertinent genes involved in the regulation of angiogenesis and metastasis.
MeSH terms
-
Angiogenesis Inhibitors / pharmacology
-
Angiogenesis Inhibitors / therapeutic use
-
Animals
-
Cell Adhesion
-
Disease Progression
-
Endothelium, Vascular / pathology
-
Extracellular Matrix / metabolism
-
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / genetics
-
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / physiology
-
Genes, Tumor Suppressor
-
Genetic Therapy
-
Growth Substances / genetics
-
Growth Substances / physiology
-
Humans
-
Mice
-
Neoplasm Invasiveness / genetics
-
Neoplasm Metastasis / genetics*
-
Neoplasm Proteins / genetics
-
Neoplasm Proteins / physiology
-
Neoplasms / blood supply
-
Neoplasms / genetics*
-
Neoplasms / pathology
-
Neoplasms / therapy
-
Neoplastic Cells, Circulating
-
Neoplastic Stem Cells / cytology
-
Neovascularization, Pathologic / genetics*
-
Oncogenes
-
Phenotype
-
Receptors, Growth Factor / genetics
-
Receptors, Growth Factor / physiology
-
Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
Substances
-
Angiogenesis Inhibitors
-
Growth Substances
-
Neoplasm Proteins
-
Receptors, Growth Factor