Abstract
Protein misfolding is at the root of several genetic human diseases. These diseases do not stem from mutations within the active domain of the proteins, but from mutations that disrupt their three-dimensional conformation, which leads to their intracellular retention by the quality control apparatus of the cell. Facilitating the escape of the mutant proteins from the quality control system by lowering the temperature of the cells or by adding chemicals that assist folding (chemical chaperones) can result in proteins that are fully functional despite their mutation. The discovery that ligands with pharmacological selectivity (pharmacological chaperones) can rescue the proper targeting and function of misfolded proteins, including receptors, might help to develop new treatments for 'conformational diseases'.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Cryoprotective Agents / pharmacology
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Cryoprotective Agents / therapeutic use
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Cystic Fibrosis / drug therapy
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Cystic Fibrosis / genetics
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Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic / drug therapy
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Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic / genetics
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Dimethyl Sulfoxide / pharmacology
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Dimethyl Sulfoxide / therapeutic use
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Endoplasmic Reticulum / drug effects*
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Endoplasmic Reticulum / genetics
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Glycerol / pharmacology
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Glycerol / therapeutic use
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Humans
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Methylamines / pharmacology
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Methylamines / therapeutic use
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Molecular Chaperones / pharmacology*
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Molecular Chaperones / therapeutic use
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Mutation / drug effects*
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Mutation / genetics
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Oxidants / pharmacology
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Oxidants / therapeutic use
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Protein Folding*
Substances
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Cryoprotective Agents
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Methylamines
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Molecular Chaperones
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Oxidants
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trimethyloxamine
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Glycerol
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Dimethyl Sulfoxide